Air compressor



Jan. 20, I931. wHlTE I 1,789,376

AIR COMPRES SOR Filed Aug. '7. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 20, 1931. E,H, WHITE 1,789,376

AIR GOMPRESSOR Filed Aug. 7, 1929 2 She'eis-Sheut 2 INVENTOR.

H. \NHTE Q all v Earl Patented Jan. 20, 1931 man 11, was, as PERRY,rbwii AIR ooivrritiisso nff i V hj iilication'iileii hig er,

The present 1 invention relates to air eomstator-attachments oi a novelconstruction which-may be uickl and easily applied toai'itoinobile-triick', tractor or the like "Inotor 'blocjksfor.ntiliziiigfthe blocks from new "or used ehgi'nes as the body portionsof air-com press'ors. 1 M

[It isvvelhknovvn that in the e'il'uipm'entof construction companies,garages'fand varioils 7 industrial bonc'erns, air compressors play avery important part, and'also that in nearly all cases thereis includediii-this eqnipment eithe'rnewor ised engine blocks; f

us It is also well known that it is' easyte ob: tain motor blo'eks'andassemblies of the Ford: inodel T 'and'ho'rds'on typebecause oftheirWidespread "distribution, it is "therefore another object of thisinveiitioh to provide at attachments which are particularly adaptable tothis type of motorblock, f-

'Fnrther, an advantage 0f attaehi'nents of thisnature is in thefease ofobtainingrepair partsfor this type of block andonaccount "of the specialadaptation of machines and tools for making repairs-upon the blocks;

fur'ther object of the invention is to provide attachments which arerelatively simple and economical in construction and few in 3Q'Iiiimber, and which may be ea ily 'andqiiicklyappli'dto theblock. The seciai iiipmeht er this invention which is nec ssary is a novelconstruction of cylinder hea'd', vvith novel arrang'eiiient of valvestherein,]an'd a peci a] crank case vvhich' providesa support for the aircompressor and a 'siiitable oil reservoir toinsurep'roper lubrication; pi

'A still further object of the invention is to provide an air compressorof this general type 'ivhieh has considerable capacity at relatively lowcostvvcoinparedwith compressors .oflike For. th purpose of priming them-otr a pressing air. P p I Withthe foregoing and. other objects inview, the .inventionvvill be more fully de capacity Which-are bniltespeeially for comscribed hereinafter and willbe more, partic-' efularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto. In the :di'awing's;wherein like symbels re- Figure "5 is a bottom 1929.. Serialsagas;

v V --fer-to like 'o'i corresponding parts thliQIlglI f: pressors,andhas for-an object to provide a Figure 1 is a longitudinal'vertical'section taken through an airjcornpre's'sor Constructedaccording to the present invention. 7 it H -';Fi'g'ure 2 isa'frag'rnent'ary top plan View of the same; the springs and cap screwsbeing removedfromthe top of the cylinder.

Figure 3 is a transverse section" taken through one end of thecompressor 'sub'stan- 6'0 tia-llyen the line 3'-'3 of Figure 2.

Figure is asiinil'ar View taken "on the lineiH-of Figure 2, andplanvi'ew ofthe iinpr'ovedhea'd;

shown in the present instance as having-four bores or cylinders 11therein, and also pro vided With-the usiialwater ja'cket12. [The 7'0cylinder bloek-lO is also provided at one side with the usual intakeopenings l3, exhaust openings 14 andthe'correspon'ding valve seats '15.At'the same side of the blocklO, and in line Withthe' valve seats .15are disposed the iisualguides 16 for-valve rods 17 and thei'r tappets18. In thepresent instance the exhaust valves with theiripartsarebmitted, While, 'asshoWn inFigure 4, the intake valves 19 areretained so as to control the inflow ofso 1 air to the cylinders 11.Instead j of the relatively heavy valve spring, a light valve spring 20'is mo'unted in the usiial niaiiner upon the valve stem 17 so as tolightly hold the valve 19 in closed posi- I tion and'admit "of thelifting of the valve by Y suction in the cylinder 11; -Theintake valves19 open in to ports or passages 21 which led into the upper ends of the'cylindersyll and serve, to admit air to the cylinders When the piston'22 moves-downwardly therein.

shaft 'QZ gmay be mounted lengthwise 7 along one side and at the bottomof the-block 10; the crank shaft'shoivn M123 and having cams thereon,one earn for each tappet 18. The cam shaft 23 is provided upon one end'andiexterioilyoithe bl'obklO with a crank handle 25 by means ofwhichthe shaft 23inay be turned to liftfthe intake valves 19 andaiipresentinstance is shown as provided upon one end with a combined pulley andflywheel 28 which may receive a belt' ther eover and which also isadapted to carry the crankshaft 27 over the dead load period in thecycle of the operation ofthe compressor. The block is provided wat anovel construction of crank case29'which is secured to receivingthedesired quantity of oil andmai'ntain, the same in such position that thecrank portions may dip into the body'of-oila-ndpro- .vide, a lubricatingsystem of the splash type for supplying, the -cylinders,- pistons, and

other parts of the compressorwith the proper amount of lubricant. Thecrank case 29 is provided-with any suitable means'of support,

and in the present instance thecrank case 29 is provided-at one end'witha flanged leg 30 which may be bolted orv otherwise secured to the floor31, and at its other end is provided with preferably a pair of divergingor downwardly arched legs 32 which may also be bolted or otherwisesuitably secured to, the

floor 31.

It will be. noted that the pair 'of legs 32 is provided upon the end ofthe crank case 29 at which is located the fly wheel 28 so-as to resistthe lateral vibration of the fly wheel. 7

V nelsand chambers required.

The'improved head of the air compressor comprises a casting or bodyportion 33 having a water jacket 34'and provided with a bottom wall 35seated on topofthe block 10 and eX- tending over the block. The head isalso provided with suitable apertures and cavitiesfor intercommunicationwith the corresponding apertures and cavities in the block '10 for thefree circulation of water or other cooling medium, and also to providethe various chan- The block 33 is secured by bolts 36 or the like to theblock 10, and the lowe'r wall 35 is provided at its under side withcavities which register with and form part of-the cylinders 11, and thewall 35 has cot-axially with each cylinder ,11 an exhaust opening theupper side of which is provided with a valve seat 37 opening into alongitudinally. extending chamber38 disposed between the lower wall 35and a horizontal partition wall 39-,whichis spaced above the wall 35'.The head 33 is providedtherein Witlrvalve casings 40; one for eachcylinder '11, and preferably disposed co-axially therewith. Each valvecasing40 is provided with a plunger valve 41, the lower end of whichtapers and is adapted to engage theseat37.v I

7 ends of-the head33 shown in Figure 1. the block 10 and is of suitableproportion for Each valve 41 is cup shaped and opens up- 1 wardly andseated at its lower end in the the air-tin the cylinders 11 are notunder compression. V p

i The head33 is provided with a common outlet nipple 44 whichcommunicates with the chamber 38 andis adapted to receive airtherefromunderpressure, and the nipple 44 ispreferably." located intermediate theFrom Figure 3 it. will be'noted that the lower wall. 35"of the-cylinderhead 33 is uninterrupted so as to provide a flat closure 45 which notonly seals the head 33 in position: on the block, but also seals theexhaust opening 14. ,i Inoperation, the crank shaft 27 is turned eitherbyme'ansfof the pulley 28, or any other suitable; drive means. The camshaft 1- 23 isturnedsofas to raise the intake valves 19 into openposition untilthe crank shaft 27. reaches a 'desired speed of rotationwhen the camshaft; 23may. then' beturned to face thecams;24 downwardlyaway; from the. tappets 18. I 1: j

The relatively light spring 20 now maintains the intake valve 19 inclosed position, and the suction-created inthe tops of-the cylinders 11byv the pistons 22 ,is suflicient for unseating the valves 19 andadmitting 'of the intake of air to the tops of the'cylinders'11.' Thedownward movement of the piston 22 draws inaquantity of air through theintake opening 13, past the intake-valve 19, and through the passage 21into'the top ofthe cy1inder 22. ,When the pistons 22 move,-upwardly =theintake valves :19 are closed and held closed 1by the springs 20whi1e theairforced upwardly. pastthe valve seats 38, unseating theadjacentvalve41 and admitting the air, under'compression to the chamber38...; From thechamber.-38 the.- air is driven outwardly through theexhaust or outlet 44. It'will benoted that the outlet bore or nipple 44is threaded to receive a pipe or the like so that'ajir under hompressionmay be transmitted to a" storage tank, or other suitablepoint forstorage o'rlu'sefl; It will also be noted that a conventionalcrank'sha'ft'27 is employed wherein thepistons 22*move up anddowninpairs in the cylinders 11.. The crank portions of the crank shaft27 may be disposed at degree angles, .o1 .otherwise-soasto effect'thedesired operation inpairs or in sequence as may be found desirable.

The compressor thus constructed may util spirit thereof and beingrestricted only by the scope of the following claims What is claimed isI V 1. In an air compressor, the combination with'a cylinder block, of acrankshaft, pistons in the cylinder of the block connected to the crankshaft, a crank casing for enclosing the crank shaft and supporting thecylinder block, means for turning the crank shaft,

spring actuated intake valves mounted in the block, a head mounted onthe block having an air receiving. chamber communicating individuallywith the cylinders of the block, 1 said head having means for closingthe exhaust ports of the block, and individual valves mounted in thehead for admitting air under compression from the cylinders into saidchamber. V w

2. In an air compressor, the combination with a cylinder block havingintake and ex- 7 haust ports therein, of pistons in the cylinders of theblock and a crank shaft connected to the pistons, a crank casesupporting the cylinder block and enclosing the crank shaft and providedwith legs for supporting the compressor, means for turning the crankshaft, a head mounted on the block and having a bottom wall adapted toclose the exhaust ports of the block, valves mounted in the block forcontrolling the intake ports,

said head having an air receiving chamber,

therein with separate openings leading to the individual cylinders ofthe block, and spring pressed valves normally closing said openings andarranged to be individually opened by compression of air in thecylinders for admitting the air to said chamber, said head having anoutlet nipple leading from said air receiving chamber.

3. In an air compressor, the combination with a cylinder block havingcylinder bores therein and intake and exhaustports leading to saidbores, a crank shaft, and pistons mounted in the cylinderbores connectedto said crank shaft, of a head mounted on said block and having acompressed air chamber therein'with an outlet opening leading from saidchamber, said head also having individual openings leading from saidchamber to ual spring pressed valves mounted I in the head for normallyclosing said openings and adapted 'to be individually opened by airunder pressure in the cylinder boresefor ad-' 7 mitting said air'to'saidchamber in the head, 4." In an air compressor, thecombination thereinand provided with intakeand exwith a cylinder block having cylinderbores haust ports leading to the 'cylinder bores, of I pistons in thecylinder bores, a crank shaft connected to the pistons, a crank shaftsupport arranged beneaththe block andhaving an oil reservoir forsupplying lubricant to the crank shaft, suction operated intake' 7valves for said intake ports, a head mounted on the cylinder block andhaving a lower wall adapted to close said exhaust ports of the block,saidehead also havinga compressed air chamber-and an'outlet openingtherefor and provided with individual openings leading to thecylinder-bores of the 7 block, said head also having a valve casing inline with each'cylinder bore, a spring pressed valve mounted in eachvalve casing and adapted'tonormally close the adjacent opening from thecompressed air chamber to the adjacent cylinder bore, and means for manI ually opening the intakevalves of the block for priming thecompressor. V

5. In an air compressor, the combination with a cylinder block'havingcylinder bores therein and provided with intake and exhaust portsleading to the cylinder bores, of pistons in the cylinder bores, a crankshaft connectedto the pistons, suction operated "intake valves for saidintake ports, a head mounted on the cylinder block and having a" lowerwall adapted to close said exhaustports of the block, said head alsohaving a compressed air chamberand an outlet opening therefor andprovided with individual openings leading to the cylinder bores of theblock, said head also having a valve casingin line with each cylinderbore, a spring pressed valve mounted in each valve casing and adapted tonormally closethe adjacent opening from the compressed air chamber tothe adjacent cylinder bore, and means for manually opening the intakevalves of the block for priming the compressor.

- EARL H. WHITE.

the cylinder bores in the block, and individv

